2008年10月16日
灰城-平遥
2008年10月14日
自然光人像用光指南 From DP
低角度的阳光:
当太阳低垂在天边时,你可以使用侧光照明(夹板式照明),让被摄对象的造型有良好表现。这时候,他/她的半张脸几乎会在阴影中,而面孔的另外一半却是高光。所以要让模特侧一下脸将整个面孔转到光线中,免得在笑纹和眼窝处产生太深的阴影。如果拍集体照,也需要小心地安排被摄者的位置,以免某个人的头挡住照向下一个人的光线。
还得有从阴影一侧照过来的充足辅光,阴影区域才不会变得死黑一片。如果利用闪光灯补光,则要让闪光输出光量与日光曝光值相当,或者比日光大约低一挡;如果使用反光板,应仔细调节角度以确保阳光能被反射回脸部的阴影面。
在直射阳光下的人像构图,检查背景也一样重要。由于光亮度明显比在荫凉处高很多,建议使用1/125s或更快的快门速度和比正常情况下小的光圈如f/11。小光圈可以令背景更加清晰,在视觉上将背景与被摄者分离开。通过预览景深可以观察背景成像效果。如果快门速度更快一些,镜头光圈则需要开得更大才能使背景成像充分虚化。快门速度提高可能使闪光灯无效,所以要有反光板在手边备用。
Martin Schembri的这张图像拍摄于深冬时节,在一天中自然光照明仅剩大约5分钟的时候完成。拍摄在一个城市广场进行,周围环绕着很多彩色玻璃幕墙。新娘被安排抬头面对其中一面玻璃墙,以达到补光照亮阴影的目的;用一个反光板把一些光线反射到眼睛下方;主光实际上是在新郎身后的位置,穿过他的左肩照射过来。Martin设法将辅助光比保持在1:1。图像为数码拍摄,使用尼康D100相机配80-200mm变焦镜头。
日落后:
正如许多伟大的摄影师的经典作品那样,一天中最佳的拍照时间是刚刚日落之后。这时,天空宛如一个巨大的柔光箱,光照的效果既均衡又柔和,不会形成锐利的阴影。
利用这种超级光照工作有两个问题:第一,光线昏暗。你需要中速到快速的ISO感光度结合相对慢的快门速度,如果拍摄场景中有孩子,那就有问题了:你不得不借助更大的光圈来对付减弱的光线,快门速度和景深就受到限制。
第二个问题是,在晨暮光下拍摄的人像没有眼神光,即被摄者眼中白色的耀斑。因此,多数摄影师利用闪光灯增强晨暮光的效果,使用闪光泡或柔光箱,给眼睛增加光彩。闪光强度可以比日光低两档以上,这样能够很好地给眼睛补光形成眼神光。
反光板
当你寻找一处自然光照明的外景时,你必然受自然条件的支配。有时要找到你想要的合适的光线类型是很困难的,所以随身携带一个便携反光板是个好主意。反光板的尺寸应该相当大,越大越有效。像Portable Lite Discs,是把布蒙在弹性可折叠的圆形或长方形框架上做成的反光板,有不同大小的直径,是非常有效的补充照明来源。许多生产商生产及销售这种产品,有银色(最大辅助光输出),白色,金箔(温暖的辅助光),及黑色(消光效果)。
这是处理头顶光的另一种方式。使用一个遮光片或挡光物阻止头顶光直接照到被摄者,而使光柔化后从侧面入射,营造理想的照明模式和光比。Charles Maring在这里给这对情侣一把黑伞作为道具,也因此达到改造头顶光的目的。注意黑伞上的高光,你会发现虽然光已经被散射,但仍然几乎是直射头顶。
安放位置:
如果散射光形成的阴影深且清晰,或者你希望在被摄者眼中增加一点眼神光,你都可以使用一个大反光板(或几个反光板)。找一个助手帮忙(或者用若干个带夹子的支架),你就可以非常精确地设定反光板了,要确保它的位置在画面之外。
你可能需要多次调整反光板,才能得到合适的补充光照,记得从相机的位置观察照明的效果。对从被摄者下方反射进来的光要小心:低于眼-鼻水平线的入射光线非常不讨好。试着将反光板聚焦(这里确实需要一个助手),才能做到只给需要补光的阴影补光。
窗户光在这里被两次散射了—窗户的玻璃和新娘的头纱,从而得到美丽柔和而有方向感的光。摄影师Charles Maring让新娘脸向光,他自己移动到新娘脸部背阴的一侧捕捉高光和柔和阴影交互影响的光影效果。
金属箔片类型的反光板靠近被摄者使用,有时会抑制住周围的光线,营造出愉悦而令人赞赏的布光模式。
天然反光板:
许多时候在自然环境中可以发现天然的补光:小块的沙砾土壤,浅色的灌木丛,或者附近的建筑物,都可能提供你所需要的辅助光线。但要小心,从地面向上反射到被摄者的辅助光不可以亮过主光;从眼-鼻水平线以下照射上来的光线非常令人讨厌,所以经常被称为“盗尸者的光”(原因显而易见,眼露贼光)。
Fuzzy Duenkel:多功能反光板
Fuzzy Duenkel使用自制的反光板,他称之为“Fuzzy反光板”。它是两个4×4英尺大小硬质的双面反光板,中间铰合在一起能使整个部件站立起来。由于一共有四个面,所以可以形成四种不同亮度水平的光线反射率。聚酯薄膜的表面提供了强力的反光,可以在明亮阳光下将光线精确反射作为主光,或者成为从被摄者背后射过来的轮廓光;喷涂银色的表面可以在短距离内提供有效的、色彩平衡的补光;白色的表面则提供比较柔和的辅光,黑色的表面可以达到消光效果。由于反光板可以摆成L形状自行站立,它既能作为遮光片又能作为反光板使用。使用反光板的另一种方法是摆在被摄者的下巴之下,把光反射到脸上。如果使用三角架,反光板的一个面可以靠在或锁在三角架上,或者由一个助手举着准确指向辅助光。
Fuzzy Duenkel是驾驭光线的行家里手,他能把日光转化为柔和优雅、类似影室灯光的光线。这里他使用一个独立的金箔反光板(如下文所描述)将光线反射回到被摄者身上,在她左边形成主光。你可以从她的眼神光中看到反光板的形状。
消光
过度散射的光:有些情况下,光被散射的程度很大,已经无法塑造脸部的特征,换个说法,就是光线没有立体感和方向性。这种情况下,可以在靠近被摄者的地方放一张黑色的消光卡(也叫遮光片或者挡光板),挡住(或者吸收)部分光线,使它照不到那些关键区域,其效果是让被摄者面部的有一边被消光,人为创造出更强的有效光比。相对于平淡的散射光线来说,用这个方法改变的照明光线能更好地表现出被摄对象的立体感和轮廓线条。
当你有两个同样强度的光源而每一个都强到足够作为主光时,黑色消光板(或者挡光板)就派得上用场了;在利用直射阳光同时还要使用聚酯薄膜反光板的情况下,黑色消光板(或者挡光板)也相当有用。黑色消光板靠近被摄者的这一边能够减弱光线的强度,营造拍摄时需要的光比。
顶光:如果你发现一个不错的外景可以拍摄人像,但是光源却位于被摄对象的“头顶”(会使眼窝太暗并产生鼻子、下巴下方讨厌的阴影),你可以使用挡光片来遮挡来自头顶的光线:顶光的照射方向被改成从挡光板两边倾泻下来,而不会直接照在被摄者身上,被改变方向的顶光还会从两侧折射到被摄对象身上成为主光。这就如同找一个廊檐或林中空地遮挡住头顶直射光的情形。不过使用头顶挡光片有两个缺点。第一,你需要一个(或多个)助手在被摄者头上高举遮光片;第二,从总体上减弱了光照水平,这意味着你不得不用比预期更慢的快门速度或更大的镜头光圈。
你可能以为这幅精致的甜点是Mercury Megaloudis在影棚里拍摄的,那么你错了。Mercury在室外一棵树下拍摄了这个场景,利用了透过树枝的阳光。他在盘子和水果边上摆了一个半透明的大水瓶,过滤并柔化了透射而过的光线;在阴影的一侧(即相机右边),他用一个小化妆镜把高光反射向水果的表面。他还在靠阴影一侧的桌子边沿放置了一个银色大反光板,照亮阴影部分,使拍摄对象上的整体光比降低。
2008年10月10日
10 Essential Tips To Get Great Blue Angels Photos By Jim
This weekend is Fleet Week here in San Francisco and given numerous emails I’ve received about photographing the event I thought I would consolidate my tips to photographing the Blue Angels. Following these tips should put you on the fast track to walking away with some great photos.
Logistics - Be Prepared
In San Francisco that means get to the show very early. Parking is always a challenge and will test your patience. Don’t let the search for parking ruin your day. If you want to avoid that aggravation then take public transportation and/or park far away.
Bring a lunch or a snack. Get the nutrients and fluids you need in your system ahead of time so you can keep your eye on the show and not your bag of chips.
Finding an obstructed view can be a challenge. Arriving early will not only enable you to find the best location possible but will give you the time to scout out various spots to set up.
Know Where Center-Point Is
Center-point is the physical location that all Blue Angels maneuvers are centered around. This is the mark they aim to criss cross over and navigate around. For Fleet Week here in San Francisco that point is in front of Aquatic Park. Knowing this location is critical if you plan to capture the Blue Angels Criss-Cross maneuver.
Location, Location, Location!
As with realestate location is everything. In San Francisco for Fleet Week there really isn’t a bad spot. I have taken photos of the Blue Angels from a variety of locations over the years including Aquatic Park, Fort Mason, Pier 39, Crissy Field, Angel Island, and around the Golden Gate Bridge. Depending on what type of photo you want, what background subjects you’d like to have and the amount of hiking or crowds you’ll have to deal with choose appropriately. Honestly there isn’t a bad spot.
Focal Length
It is possible to get great photos of the Blue Angels here in San Francisco with virtually any focal length. Most air show photographs that you’ll see are taken with longer focal lengths to zoom in on the planes. What focal length you’ll need for such shots depends on your location and the magnification factor of your dSLR. Its possible to get great tight photos using a focal length of anywhere from 200 to 400mm. Unless you’re very far away a longer focal length is over kill. In addition super long focal lengths make it challenging to track the planes. With that being said it is possible to get phenomenal photos of the Blue Angels with a shorter and even wide focal length. Shorter focal lengths enable you to capture not just the planes flying overhead, but the crowd around you.
Normal Autofocus or Servo Mode
You’ll have to experiment with this. For those that are unfamiliar with the difference… Autofocus requires you to half click the Shutter Release Button to focus on your subject. Servo enables you to focus your subject in or near the center point of the frame and as the subject moves closer or farther the camera automatically focuses for you. The upside to Servo is that you can pan with a subject with minimal work to keep it in focus… in theory. If for any reason your camera confuses your point of focus your camera will keep your subject, the plane(s), blurred. If this happens enough you’ll be ripping your hair out. To avoid this you can stick with the normal Autofocus and half click and shoot quickly as you pan. This can take some practice.
Capture the Action with a Fast Shutter Speed
Greater than 1/800 sec for slower maneuvers
Over 1/1200 sec for faster maneuvers
>1/2000 sec for speed demonstrations
To attain such fast shutter speeds you’ll need to pay attention to what ISO your camera is set to. 400 ISO is a good starting point, but if weather conditions are cloudy you may need to bump your ISO up.
Don’t Use A Polarizer
If you do minimize the polarization to get the fastest shutter speed possible and to minimize over darkening the sky.
Include Your Surroundings
Clouds add a heightened sense of … altitude. Landmarks and people provide a needed sense of scale.
Be Considerate
Fleet Week brings out tons of people. Sure you may cross paths with someone having a bad day, but its in your best interest to take the high road with most any confrontation. Remember that this is a family event and there will be many kids in attendance. If you’re in a location where you might obstruct the view of a child or shorter person do what you can to move and clear the way for them to see the show.
Have Fun
These tips should put you on track to get some great photos and have an even better time at the event.
If you take photos of this weekends Fleet Week airshow add a link in the comments. I’d love to see what you come away with.
Prints
Like the photos displayed here? My Blue Angels photos can be seen and purchased directly via my photo archive Blue Angels 2007 and Blue Angels 2006
Technorati Tags: Photography, Photo, Tip, Blue Angels, Fleet Week, airshow, San Francisco,California
© Jim M. Goldstein, All Rights Reserved - JMG-Galleries
2008年10月9日
心境的由来 I
5 Ways to Shoot Autumn Leaves by Jeff
CC Photo by Nicholas Below
Autumn is all about color and leaves. Red, orange and yellow suddenly becomes the predominant color of nature instead of the usual green. What you need to know is that red, orange and yellow areadvancing colors. This means that if you look at different colored objects at a same distance from you, the objects that are colored red, orange and yellow will appear closer. This is the reason why photos of autumn landscapes look like they're jumping right at you. Below are five tips you can use to help you get creative with autumn leaves.
1. Play With Color
There is no rule in photography that prohibits you from moving things around to get the best possible shot. Try playing around with different colored leaves and different angles to get the effect you want.
CC Photo by Clearly Ambiguous
2. Get Low
Get on your belly and shoot leaves as they lie on the grass. A wide aperture will greatly help your composition since it will blur out any distracting elements that may block your subject. In the photo below an aperture setting of f/1.4 was used to blur out the grass between the camera and leaf.
CC Photo by Jeff Kubina
3. Don't Forget the City
Capturing autumn does not need to be limited to forests and parks. Look for fallen leaves on sidewalks and city streets. The bright autumn colors will really pop out of the gray surroundings.
CC Photo by moriza
4. Leaves on Water
There is something really peaceful about leaves floating on puddles or rivers. Try capturing a photo with ripples on the surface of the water to make it look more dynamic.
CC Photo by Waechor
5. Play with Your Shutter Speed
Freeze the leaves in mid-air by shooting at 1/500. This technique is especially effective if you're shooting another subject that may be blocked by the falling leaves. Alternately, you can go the abstract route by shooting at a low shutter speed to emphasize the motion of the leaves.
CC Photo by darkpatator
2008年10月6日
神奇的OUTLOOK
网上开始叫卖199的office2007,买了一个算是给微软的回报吧,咱不用盗版。但是大家也看到微软客服巨牛,所谓花了钱的正版的不好用,尽管制作精美,回答完全正确,实在是没有汗颜啊,所以也不得不用crack的。真是没有办法。:)。希望这个不是中国怪胎,而是微软怪胎。
最近升级到了OFFICE2007,出现巨怪巨怪的事情,给大家发送照片的时候,大家收不到照片,很多人都是webmail.dat。但是转发给我一切OK,大家和我说过,我说大家太土,我最新版本没有问题。可怕事情出现了一次,以后又一次和再一次出现,朋友们给我发信打电话问我,我抓狂了。所以一个月时间不敢给大家发照片。
国庆之后,再次手痒,照了一些照片,给大家发送,那个古来找我,你又忽悠我们,怎么没有附件,我看了一下,原来Foxmail。不知道谁的问题。晚上回家来,不管尝试,好在onlighting在。
经历一次又一次失败,找原因从EMail系统到outlook,不断抓狂,摇摇欲坠崩溃前兆,出现了啊。好在,没有放弃,在我彻底崩溃之前,在onlight帮助下经过数十次的尝试,在没有发现问题原因情况下,找到可以让大家看到附件办法,把照片用压缩一下,今后不能直接用JPG给大家发送了。唉!此时GOOGLE也“够不到了”。吐血啊。我昏倒,好在不是吐血倒地。
2008年10月5日
国庆照片
![]() |
| 发件人 色秋 |
![]() |
| 发件人 鸟岛野鸟 |
![]() |
| 发件人 色秋 |
奥运结束了,但忙碌还是没有结束,只好在家照相了。国庆长假也是在实验室和家里了。好在2日和父母在浑河一游,4日老丛、onlighting骑车去了丁香湖湖,总算有一次被秋色所征服。2日没有秋高气爽天高云淡的感觉,但是落叶知秋啊。有丝丝阳光照下来散在落叶上面,冷冷的,让人知道沈阳秋天来了。4日天空还是比较照顾情绪的,天空有云还算蓝,从沈阳东南向西北出发,一路过来东塔、省政府、北塔、舍利塔,还是了解了一下沈阳,地名也变成了眼前的东西。在沈阳大扒照顾下面,沈阳环境也是好了很多,即使是挖沙形成大水湾也搞成了大家休闲之处,起名字叫丁香湖,唯一遗憾是丁香湖被废旧拆卸市场包围着,看样子可见的东西没有了,没有形的羁绊还是有的啊。选了十张照片放在Picasaweb上面,其中三幅发给大家。沈阳塔湾,还是很有名地方,据说那里是大陆最后一位有舍利高僧葬身之所,看见了舍利塔发现塔周围的障碍物都被大扒了,此地空余此塔,非常有感觉,比较了一下google 地图上面的位置发现变化是从今年开始的。希望周围不要象北塔那样从高楼中找也找不到。真是举头不见塔唯见高楼啊。





